A crown covers a tooth completely, restoring its shape and protecting what remains underneath. For a tooth that has been heavily filled, cracked, or weakened by root canal treatment, it is a well-established and highly reliable solution.
Onlays
An onlay or overlay covers only the parts of a tooth that actually need protecting, typically the biting surface and whichever walls are weak, leaving the rest of your tooth untouched. Modern adhesive materials bond well enough that partial coverage is genuinely dependable for many teeth that would once have been crowned automatically.
Choosing the material
Lithium disilicate - Bond strongly and look excellent. Well suited to front teeth and many back teeth, and usable in thinner sections — which means removing less tooth.
Zirconia - Very strong and suits back teeth and heavy bites. Modern layered zirconia is considerably better aesthetically than earlier generations.
Gold - Removes the least tooth of any full-coverage option, is kind to the tooth it bites against, and has the longest track record in dentistry. Its only genuine drawback is appearance, which makes it an excellent choice for back teeth if that does not trouble you.
Which is right depends on the tooth, how much sound structure remains, how heavily you bite, and what you want it to look like.
What a specialist assessment adds
Most crowns are placed by general dentists and placed well.
Where a restorative specialist adds value is in the cases that are not simple: a tooth that may or may not be worth saving, a front tooth that has to match its neighbour exactly, a heavily worn mouth where crowning individual teeth might be the wrong strategy altogether, or a plan for several crowns where staging and sequence matter. You will get a clear view on whether the tooth is genuinely restorable and whether something less invasive would serve you better.